Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta indirect. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta indirect. Mostrar todas las entradas

domingo, 4 de abril de 2021

WISH

 1.- Wish + To-Infinitive

Su significado es similar a "Want", pero se usa de manera formal.

Ejemplos:

- I wish to speak to Mr. Smith, please.

- I wish to visit you soon, if possible.


2.- Wish + Indirect Object + Direct Object

Esta fórmula se utiliza para expresar buenos deseos.

Ejemplos:

- I wish you the best in your new job.

- Wish me luck!

- We wish you a Merry Christmas!


3.- Wish + Verb forms in That clause

Se usa de manera similar a la forma condicional.

Ejemplos:

- I wish I had a better salary.

- I wish I knew how to use this laptop.

- I wish I had known you were coming.

- I wish I hadn´t said that.


4.- Wish + That clause

Sirve para mencionar situaciones que lamentamos.

Ejemplos:

- I wish that everything could be as it used to be.

- I wish I had her mobile number.

- I wish you hadn't told me how the film ends.


5.- Wish + Would

Cuando hay algo que nos molesta, utilizamos esta fórmula.

Ejemplos:

- I wish the neighbour would stop making so much noise!

- I'm just wishing he would go away!






domingo, 15 de abril de 2018

REPORTED / INDIRECT SPEECH


1.- Definición

El Reported o Indirect Speech, se centra en el contenido del mensaje emitido por una persona pero, en ocasiones cambiada al pasado del mismo.


2.- Formas

Para hacer el cambio, sólo debemos tener en cuenta el tiempo verbal del mensaje. De esta manera, la cambiaremos de manera acertada.
En la tabla siguiente, les mostramos como:

   DIRECT                                                         INDIRECT/REPORTED

- Present Simple                          -                       Past Simple

- Present Continuous                   -                       Past Continuous

- Present Perfect Simple              -                       Past Perfect Simple

- Present Perfect Continuous       -                       Past Perfect Continuous

- Past Simple                                -                       Past Perfect Simple

- Past Continuous                         -                       Past Perfect Continuous

- Future Will                                  -                       Would

- Past Perfect Simple                    -                        Past Perfect Simple

NOTA.- Para acertar siempre, tenemos que buscar la forma anterior o pasado del tiempo verbal.
               El último NO se cambia por ser el último tiempo verbal pasado.


3.- Ejemplos

- John : I work in an office. (Present Simple)

John said that he worked in an office. (Past Simple)

- John : I'm working in an office. (Present Continuous)

John said that he was working in an office. (Past Continuous)

- John : I have worked in an office. (Present Perfect Simple)

John said that he had worked in an office. (Past Perfect Simple)

- John : I will work in an office. (Future Will)

John said that he would work in an office. (Would)

- John : I had worked in an office. (Past Perfect Simple)

John said that he had worked in an office. (Past Perfect Simple)


4.- If

En preguntas con verbos auxiliares (Yes/No Questions), se utiliza "If" o "Whether", aunque la primera es más común.

Ejemplos :

- Are you at home?

He asked me if I was at home.

- Did you arrive yesterday?

She asked me if I had arrived yesterday.

NOTA.- En este caso también tenemos que utilizar el tiempo verbal anterior al utilizado por el emisor.


5.- Modal Verbs

Los Modal Verbs, como los tiempos verbales, también sufren cambios.

  DIRECT              INDIRECT

- Can                      Could

- May                     Might (Posibilidad) / Could (Permiso)

- Shall                    Would

- Must                    Must / Had to (Obligación)

NOTA.- "Could", "Should", "Would", "Might" y "Need", NO cambian desde el directo al indirecto.


6.- Sin Cambios

a) Cuando el mensaje es un hecho real, verdadero o que aún no ha sucedido.

- "My brother works for a big company".

He told me that his brother works for a big company. (Hecho real o verdadero.)

- "I'm getting married next month". (Aún no ha sucedido.)

She told me that she's getting married next month.


b) Cuando se trata de órdenes.

- Teacher : Sit down!

The teacher told us to sit down.

- Sign : "Not enter".

The sign warned us not to enter.


6.- Adverbs, Demonstratives and Adverbial Expressions

   DIRECT                               INDIRECT

- This                                       That

- These                                    Those

- Now                                       Then

- Here                                       There

- Yesterday                               The day before

- Tomorrow                               The following day

- Now                                        At the moment



domingo, 5 de julio de 2015

INTERMEDIATE TEST (3)

1.- Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentences.

a) I had bought / bought the wine when they called me. I didn't know they wanted wine !

b) I had bought / bought the wine when they called me. So, I told them we didn't need any more.

c) I haven't talked to him since / for a long time.

d) They are learning English to please / for pleasing their parents.

e) This is a machine for milking / milks cows.

f) A waiter is a person what / who works in a restaurant.

g) This is the cinema which / where I saw my first film.

h) This is the student whose / that mother wanted to talk to you.

i) I will / would call you if I needed your help.

j) He said / told me that he wasn't angry.

k) You are such / so nice children !

l) It was such a / so big sandwich that we couldn't eat it all.

m) It was such a / so incredible person !

n) I would like going / to go on a holiday before the summer.

o) They'd enjoy playing / to play with their causins.

p) You need to take / make an exam at the end of the year.

q) Have you got central heatting / heating?

r) He referred / refered to his last visit to Mexico.


2.- Complete the sentences with When, As Soon As, While.

a) ___ they arrived in their room, they took off their shoes.

b) They had breakfast ___ they were waiting for the taxi.

c) I really don't care what shoes you buy. I will look in the sports department ___ you try on the last three pairs.

d) Come and find me ___ you finish.

e) She phoned her family _ she knew the results of the test.


3.- Use the cues to make complete sentences.

a) When / she / arrive / home / he / already / leave

b) I / call / you / before / plane / leave

c) A vet / person / look after / animals

d) This / is / place / we / said / we / going to / meet

e) They / want / money / buy / new house


4.- In each case, complete the second sentence so that it retains the same meaning as the first sentence. Write ONE word in each gap.

a) They killed him because they wanted to steal his money.
     They killed him ___ ___ his money

b) "When do you finish work?", he said.
     He wanted to know when ___ ___ ___.

c) You don't love her because you don't want her to be happy.
     If you ___ ___ ___ ___ __ her to be happy.

d) "Don't take my car", he said.
    He told me ___ ___ ___ his car.

e) "We'll see you tomorrow", they said.
    They said ___ ___ ___ ___ us next week.

f) "Put the suitcase in the car", she asked me.
    She told ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ in the car.

g) They are such cute babies !
     These babies ___ ___ cute !


5.- Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.

Get Up - Give Up - Go Down - Look After - Look For - Look Forward To

a) We usually ___ at ten at the weekends.

b) I'm ___ a new pair of shoes for the party.

c) He doesn't smoke anymore. He ___ two months ago.

d) I am really ___ seen you again.

e) Our neighbours ___ our fish when we go on holiday.

f) The price of petrol is finally ___.


6.- Complete the text by putting one word in each gap.

I was sitting in the living-room ___ I heard a strange noise upstairs. I was alone in the house, so I knew it wasn't the children. I ___ off the TV and went ___ the stairs. ___ I entered my bedroom, I noticed that something was wrong. The floor was ___ cold ! I switched ___ the lights __ check that the windows were closed. Then I saw ___ there was water on the floor. ___ strange ! Finally, I heard a meow. It was Fuzzy, the cat. It ___ always doing this kind of things. Once he _y favourite vase and I was tempted to kick ___ out of the house. But, of course, I ___.